In the Indonesian Diagnostic Classification, it is stated that schizophrenic disorders are characterized by distortions of thinking and perception with blunted affect, in a relatively intact consciousness and intellectual capacity, however there is a cognitive function deficit, loss of individuality feeling. Personal thought, emotion and behaviour which are considered as very private seem to be known by others, there is an abnormal conviction that there is an external and supernatural force influencing his thought and behaviour. There are also present auditoric hallucinations commenting on one’s own behaviour and thought.

However, a guideline may be stated as schizophrenia by the presence of symptoms as the following:

• thought echo, thought insertion, thought withdrawal;
• delusions as if his action is being controlled by external force;
• hallucinations commenting on his behaviour; breaks or interpolations in the train of thought, resulting in incoherence or irrelevant speech, or neologism;
• catatonic behaviour: excitement, posturing, waxy flexibility, negativism, mutism, and stupor;
• negative symptoms: apathy, thought blocking, blunted affect, social withdrawal.

This negative symptom complex seems to attract so many workers in the field as this poses difficult task to treat and cause patients to be chronic and disabled.

Then the definition of treatment resistance, which is widely used but inadequately defined is discussed starting from the first term as "lack of response" or "less than satisfactory response" to the more appropriate and comprehensive by viewing it from different dimensions such as:

1. Positive symptoms (reality distortion). Reduction in positive symptoms is frequently regarded as a good response , however, many still live a marginal existence, unable to work, global assessment scale and quality of life scores are low.
2. Negative symptoms (psychomotor poverty syndrome). Primary negative symptoms represent a distinct "deficit" subtype of schizophrenia that tended to have a more insidious onset with poorer outcome. This was particularly true of patients who showed a rapid increase in negative symptomatology early in the course of their illness, although less amenable to antipsychotic medication, may nevertheless hold important implications for the targeting of specific symptoms for pharmacological and psychosocial treatments.
3. Symptoms of disorganization (disorganization syndrome). The proposition that distinct neuroanatomical networks might underlie each symptom complex is supported by research on cerebral blood flow. They were associated with hyper/hypo-perfusion in some areas of the brain. This heuristic work has yet to be replicated.
4. Cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction which is present at the onset of illness. An extensive array of cognitive deficits have been described, including prominent deficits in attention, memory recall, conceptual sorting, and executive functions.
5. Quality of life. The quality of life as a significant, descriptive measure for schizophrenia has been discussed, it includes subjective and objective measures in the areas of living situations, family, social relations, leisure activities, work, finances, personal safety and health.

The discovery of drugs which could meet the above requirements would certainly benefit the suffering schizophrenic patients and the family.